overpopulation a problem Essay - 1438 Words

Is Overpopulation a Serious Problem? nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;This question seems to be question that is asked quite frequently lately. In the last two centuries, population has skyrocketed. In 1800 the world population was only at 1 billion, and today it’s estimated that the world population exceeds six billion people. With overpopulation, many problems have arisen. Some believe that overpopulation is the reason for world hunger, global population will reach crisis proportions by 2050, and some believe that overpopulation will bring the extinction of the human race. When one looks at the arguments that these people present, its quite overwhelming the amount of evidence that’s supports their argument. On the other side, the†¦show more content†¦However, he cites Mr. William Godwin in that the passion between the genders will eventually, with the help of time, be dissolved. But, has no proof to reinforce this claim. Malthus states that, â€Å"The best arguments for the perfectibility of man are dr awn from a contemplation of the great progress that he has already made from the savage state and the difficulty of saying where he is to stop.†* Further, he says that he had not seen any progress towards extinguishing of the passion of the genders, and appears to be in full force today, just as it was thousands of years ago. Just as with everything else, there are the exceptions of course, but these exceptions are not showing any signs of increasing. â€Å"But, as these exceptions do not appear to increase in number, it would surely be a very unphilosophical mode of arguing, to infer merely from the existence of an exception, that exception would, in time, become the rule, and the rule the exception.†* Malthus states that the power in the earth is forever less than the power of population to produce subsistence for man. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Subsistence increases only in an arithmetical ratio, while population increases in geometrical ratio when left unchecked. From this one can see the sheer overwhelming comparison of the first power to the second. Since food is a necessity for mankind, the consequences of theShow MoreRelatedThe Problem Of Overpopulation And Overpopulation1102 Words   |  5 PagesIreland in the 1720’s, poverty and overpopulation were at a problematic rate. Many of the people who lived in England were exiled to Ireland. Many of these Englishmen felt mistreated and wronged. Ireland was a colony to England. The people of England had more money and power than the people of Ireland because England controlled Ireland. Johnathon Swift, a satirical writer, wrote â€Å"A Modest Proposal† to show the flaws of the current solutions to the overpopulation and poverty crisis in Ireland. He wantedRead MoreOverpopulation : The Problem Of Overpopulation1251 Words   |  6 PagesOverpopulation: The Top Worry Yet to be Proven by the Worried The definition of hysteria is an exaggerated or uncontrollable emotion, usually found within groups of people. An example of hysteria includes overpopulation, the futuristic â€Å"problem† that is not and will not be a dilemma in the foreseeable future. Back in 15,000 B.C., the world population was five million. Today, it is a staggering seven billion plus. This has caused unease that overpopulation will be a problem for our future generationsRead MoreOverpopulation Is A Problem Of Overpopulation1529 Words   |  7 Pagesthe whole humankind. Overpopulation is a problem that every nation is facing but sometimes over looked by due to lack of understanding and awareness. This is a serious issue that should be taken care of immediately. Overpopulation is an undesirable situation where the number of existing human populace surpasses the carrying capability of Earth. There are main factors that are contributing overpopulation such as the rising birth rate and declining of mortality rate. Overpopulation occurs when the birthRead MoreOverpopulation And The Problem Of Overpopulation1388 Words   |  6 PagesTo begin with, in demography, the term overpopulation refers to a condition wherein the total population of a particular region far exceeds the carrying capacity of the region. Although the term by and large refers to the ratio between population and the available area, the ratio between the population and available resources cannot be ignored. First, the rate at which the population is growing; the data compiled by the United Nations shows that the world population grew by 30 percent betweenRead MoreOverpopulation And The Problem Of Overpopulation1747 Words   |  7 PagesOverpopulation Programs There are many organizations that deal with the problem of overpopulation or problems related to the effects of overpopulation such as environmental effects. Some of the organizations that I found related to this topic are the United Nations Population Fund, a group called Population Matters, another group called the World Population Balance and the Center for Biological Diversity. All of these groups deal with the issue of overpopulation and the effects that overpopulationRead MoreOverpopulation a Problem?1464 Words   |  6 PagesIs Overpopulation a Serious Problem? This question seems to be question that is asked quite frequently lately. In the last two centuries, population has skyrocketed. In 1800 the world population was only at 1 billion, and today its estimated that the world population exceeds six billion people. With overpopulation, many problems have arisen. Some believe that overpopulation is the reason for world hunger, global population will reach crisis proportions by 2050, and some believe that overpopulationRead MoreThe Problem Of Overpopulation And Overpopulation872 Words   |  4 PagesHuman overpopulation. Human population can be defined as the condition whereby, the total count of the human inhabiting a certain area exceeds the carrying capacity of the area Bongaarts, (2011). This brings out an issue of the carrying capacity of the region which alludes to the number of individuals who can inhabit a certain area for a given period. It may also be looked at as the situation whereby the available renewable resources in a certain area can satisfactorily support the current populationRead MoreThe Problem Of The Overpopulation Problem1122 Words   |  5 PagesPerhaps one solution for the overpopulation problem is to provide all children, who have reached puberty with Reproductive Education License of Four (REL4). REL4 is a two-step solution program that will provide education and contraception, which will decrease the population growth. Jennifer Weeks (2015) article, â€Å"Global Population Growth,† discusses the number of women without access to birth control. Research conducted by a nonprofit organization showed nearly 225 million women globally, includingRead MoreOverpopulation : The Convoluted Problems Of Overpopulation896 Words   |  4 PagesOverpopulation The convoluted problems concerning overpopulation remain to be a highly discussed issue in various countries throughout the world. Some issues that are in support of overpopulation include the opportunity to place innovative ideas into action, aids in stimulating the economy, creates job openings in new growing industries, increased human resources, encourages competition, advancement in urbanization and development, creates a demand for industries like farming, and allows for cheaperRead MoreOverpopulation Is Not The Problem1395 Words   |  6 Pages Overpopulation Overpopulation is a prominent controversial topic among society, in which some believe the exponential growth of humanity is detrimental to its future, whereas others conclude this theory is a myth due to human nature and resources. In Isaac Asimov’s, â€Å"The Case Against Man†, he elucidated the verity of overpopulation, emphasizing that the disproportion of earth’s carrying capacity and its resources will inevitably lead to humanity’s demise. Introducing the notion that

I Will be an Agent for Social Change Essay - 1107 Words

I Will be an Agent for Social Change I arrived at Harvard eager for the world of experiences ahead. Yet as an Air Force Reserve Officers Training Corp (ROTC) student, much of my academic world had been set up over the summer. My roommates poured over course guides, but my schedule was already laid out before me: math, economics, chemistry, Spanish and ROTC. My first college dilemma wasnt to find the right professor or class size, but to put together my uniform correctly. This being the case, I have had less time to stumble, but more time to focus on my other life choices. Despite working on a thesis, taking social studies tutorials, attending four-hour long weekly drill practices, doing Physical Training at dawn, and holding†¦show more content†¦Having immigrated to the United States from Trinidad as a young child, I have grown up aware of the economic and educational advantages Americans have over their foreign neighbors. I feel that the role of a public servant should not just end at our own borders. As a place for service, Trinidad not only links my cultural past, but serves as a bridge to my racial history. By organizing in a halfway house, I would have the chance to explore a long-term interest of mine: how men can take a more active role in dismantling the social pressures placed on women, bringing about a more balanced society. ROTC has taught me to think on an international level, but so far my community service participation has been purely local. Volunteering in Trinidad will help me determine whether I can be an agent of social change outside of my own community-a necessary perspective before I start military service. After four years of studying theory about society, I want a chance to implement what I have learned. Working as a grassroots activist, I will get a chance to contemplate the issues involved with international service. As an outsider to Trinidad and a male in a home for battered women, I will need to be mindful of the barriers organizers face each day. Trinidad will also help me connect to my cultural past. Growing upShow MoreRelatedWhat Is Connecting With Others?710 Words   |  3 PagesOur company recently added two new sales agents to the team. One of the agents joined us from a competitor firm and the other from an agricultural cooperative. The agents either did not have much employee benefit consulting knowledge or had not worked in the field for over 20 years. This created some challenges for me. Not because I was unwilling to assist in training the agents, but I was met with persons simply unwilling to be guided. I found as the agents were assigned a collection of our currentRead MoreCase study: Language Competition Essay1478 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Human language is a complex system of communication. The estimated number of extant languages in the world vary between 6,000 and 7,000. Human language relies entirely on social convention and learning, so that it evolves and diversifies over time, thus these features cause some of the languages distinct over time. In fact, only 4% of the non-extinct languages are spoken by the majority of people in the world, which is 97%, and the 50% of the left languages are expected to extinct inRead MoreFeminist Theory Of Feminism1697 Words   |  7 Pagesthe term to describe biological features and â€Å"gender† as the term to describe the social standings. Due to his distinction, many feminists believe that the social implications, or gender, needs to be changed to achieve equality. Two approaches that aim to change the social implications of gender are the conventionalist approach and the abolitionist approach. These two approaches believe that gender is a completely social product an d should be eradicated in order to achieve equality. Other feminist,Read MoreFunctions Of The Principal Multi Agent Relationship Matters Essay1008 Words   |  5 PagesEven if agents mobilize around CVE, implementation still may not occur. After the mobilization stage, agents need to determine what the actual programs will encompass and what service providers will implement these programs. I argue that implementation may fail to occur due to coordination problems that arise within the planning stage based on the way decisions are made. For implementation purposes, the structure of the principal-multi-agent relationship matters. The implementation of CVE involvesRead MoreEssay On Assessing Leadership For Change1663 Words   |  7 PagesAssessing Leadership for Change The ensuing report will identify the leadership competency, and the areas that I think should be developed to act as an agent of change within an educational organization. It talks about how communication, motivation, goals, and strategy can help in bringing positive changes to the educational institution. This report highlights my perspective regarding change and how it is related to leadership. It illuminates that the curricula being flexible and based on practicalRead MoreWhat is Political Socialization? Essay563 Words   |  3 Pagesgoes through many changes during a person’s life. The many influences that shape a person’s values and beliefs are called agents of political socialization. Anything that affects a person’s values or beliefs is called an agent of political socialization. The major agents of political socialization include parents, family, friends, education, religion, and with today’s technology mass media has become one of the biggest agents (Texas Political Culture). As a child the primary agent of political socializationRead MorePersonal Privilege, Privilege And Privilege843 Words   |  4 Pagescommunity limited my exposure to other cultures and races. While I was limited to my exposure to other cultures and races I have become aware of White privilege and who it influences interactions with different races and cultures. Whites tend to view â€Å"their own beliefs and actions as normative and neutral† (Hays Chang, 2003, p. 135). This action influences and limits the cultural and racial interactions Whites experience (Hays Change, 2003). Due to working in a predominately White community it canRead MoreEssay on The Vision Failed1178 Words   |  5 PagesThe Vision Failed Question 1: If I were to consult with the HTE board of director soon after Harold started making changes, I would advise them, regarding the transformational perspective, to follow carefully how Harold is implementing these. In fact, to benefit from those changes and achieve Harold’s goal, the board of director should encourage him to adopt a transformational leadership. First of all, to be such a leader, Harold would have to be an example in the company. As a leader, heRead MoreManaging Entreprise On Health Care Sector1697 Words   |  7 Pagesconditions for these activities. Changes are one of the important factors in a health care sector. Moreover, social entrepreneurs, use their innovative ideas to solve society’s most pressing social problems and issues and suggest new ideas and interventions for a change that leads to success. Apart from these changes also brings new opportunities and provide most suitable risk management strategies to create a better and healthy environment. In this assignment I would like to submit a report of entrepreneurshipRead MoreEmbodiesd Conversation Agents (ECSs) Essay925 Words   |  4 Pagesprovide the reader with a brief insight on Embodied Conversational agents ( ECAs). This chapter is organized into three section. The First section gives a general overview about ECAs through literature review. The second Section explores some concerns related to the use of agent in different contexts. The thir d section considers the design decision’s perspectives of virtual agents Embodied Conversational Agents ( ECAs) Embodied agents are computer interfaces which exhibit human-like behaviors (e.g

Canterbury TalesThe Pardoner Essay Example For Students

Canterbury Tales:The Pardoner Essay Throughout literature, relationships can often be found between the author of a story andthe story that he writes, whether intentional or not. In Geoffrey Chaucers story,Canterbury Tales, many of the characters on the pilgrimage make this statement evidentwith the tales that they tell. Such a distinct relationship can be made between thecharacter of the Pardoner and the tale that he tells. Through the Prologue to the Pardoners tale, the character of the Pardoner isrevealed. Although the Pardoner displays many important traits, the most prevalent is hisgreed. Throughout the prologue, the Pardoner displays his greed and even admits that theonly thing he cares about is money: I preach nothing except for gain (Pardoners Tale,Line 105). This avarice is seen strongly in the Pardoners tale as well. In the Pardonerstale, three friends begin a journey in order to murder Death. On their journey, though, anold man leads them to a great deal of treasure. At this point, all three of the friends in thetale display a greed similar to the Pardoners. The three friends decide that someoneshould bring bread and wine for a celebration. As the youngest of the friends leaves to gobuy wine, the other two greedily plot to kill him so they can split the treasure only twoways. Even the youngest decides to put it in his mind to buy poison / With which hemight kill his two companions (383, 384). The greed, which is evident in the characterof the Pardoner, is also clearly seen in the tale. Another trait that is displayed by the Pardoner and a character in his tale ishypocrisy. Although the Pardoner is extremely greedy, he continues to try and teach thatAvarice is the root of all evil (6). He explains to the pilgrims how money is the root ofall evil, and then he takes the money from them in exchange for forgiveness of their sins. This action could be seen in two ways. Perhaps the Pardoner is a very greedy, trecherousman, or perhaps Chaucer is trying to jab at Christianity by alluding to Christ. Thecharacters in his tale display great hypocrisy as well. As the tale begins, the friends all actvery trustworthy and faithful towards all of their friends. They nobly make a decision torisk their lives while trying to slay their friends murderer. As they talk about theirchallenge, they pledge to live and die each of them for the other, / As if he were his ownblood brother (241-242). At the end of the tale, the brothers begin to reveal their truenature. They all turn on each oth er in an attempt to steal the treasure for themselves. Allof the loyalty, which they had pledged, was simply a lie and no faithfulness remained. While the two older brother plotted to kill the younger, the younger brother plottedto kill them both and never to repent (388). Thus, these so-called faithful brothersdisplay their true ruthlessness and reveal their hypocrisy in relation to the Pardonerscharacter. The characters in the Pardoners Tale match the unctuous nature of the Pardonerin a great deal of ways. All of these traits and ideas that are seen in both the Pardoner andthe tale that he tells show a strong relationship in the two. Chaucer used this technique inall of the tales that are recorded in Canterbury Tales. This technique gives a greaterinsight into the mind of the teller. By analyzing the tales, it is possible to learn muchabout the teller of the tale. Using this method, Chaucer focuses on the characteristics ofeach of the people involved in Canterbury Tales, but also keeps the poem interesting.

Mass Medias Effect on Youth free essay sample

A research about the impact of the media on youth and adolescent development. This research attempts to examine the extent to which the media influences the lives of adolescents. The author attempts to investigate how the media impacts the socialization of the youth culture and whether the media is so powerful that it has come to replace other socialization agents such as the family, school and peers. The author examines the way socialization agents impact stages of development and how each contribute to another aspect of the individuals forming personality and attitudes. The author makes use of various sociological theories for supporting evidence. Table of Contents: Chapters 1.0 Statement of Research Problem 1.1 Research Problem 2 2.0 Introduction to Theoretical Perspectives and Review of Literature 3 2.1 Introduction to the Media as an Agent of Socialization 3 2.2 Getting to Know the 3 2.3 The 4 2.4 How the Media Socializes 5 2.5 Media as an Industry 5 2.6 Development of Gender Roles and Consciousness of Achieved Status 6 2.7 Global Impact vs. Role in North American Society 7 2.8 Pros and Cons of Media Dominance 7 2.9 Independent and Dependant Variables 8 2.10 The Test 8 2.11 The Respondents 9 2.12 The Choice of a Questionnaire 9 2.13 Possible 9 2.14 Validity of Respondents 10 2.15 Questionnaire Distribution 10 2.16 Questions to Answers 11 2.17 Conclusion to Theoretical Perspectives and Review of Literature 11 3.0 Administration Overview 12 3.1 Time Schedule 12 3.2 Budget 12 3.3 Ethical Issues 13 4.0 Measurement Overview 13 4.1 Existing research 14 5.0 Analysis Overview 14 6.0 Implications 14 6.1 Practical Applications 15 Figure #1 The Questionnaire 16 References 18 `There is a problem in Canada that youth are unaware of the significance of the media and its influence on their day-to-day lives. The main questions that will be investigated in the research and hopefully answered if not fully understood by the end of the study would be as follows: How important is the media in the socialization of Canadian popular cultured youth? Is the media the most influential agent of socialization in a teenagers life? Has the media replaced the family, school and peers for being the centre of acquired knowledge for youth? Existing sociological theory suggest we have varying agents of socialization that have different effects on us at different stages of our development and life course. Agents of Socialization are people, groups or institutions that teach people what they need to know in order to participate in society. During the elementary years of school peers are the most important influence. A peer group is a group of people who are linked by common intere st, equal social position, and similar age categories. Even as adults we are still influenced by our peers. In this study it will be discussed that the media because of its worldwide accessibility has become a great contributor to socialization than the peer group between the ages of 15-18. The stage of development, which will be conveyed, is called anticipatory socialization (to be discussed in further detail in the theoretical discussion section). This influence at the ages of 15-18, which is referred to, as adolescence will carry on for the future generations as a vital agent of socialization through, out their adult lives.`

fetal pain essays

fetal pain essays Fetal and Neonatal Pain and Long Term Implications Over the last decade, the perception of pain and stress in fetal and neonatal life has attracted great attention. This is partly due to an increasing understanding of fetal physiology and a greater number of invasive techniques used in todays medicine. The greater frequency of abortions, caesarean sections and intra uterine interventions have turned increased attention onto the subject after decades of common belief being that the fetus and neonate felt no pain. The most important evidence is anatomical. This shows that the neuroanatomical connections for nociception are in place by the 24th week of gestation. Many experts however believe that the fetus only experiences mindless reflex responses which are a mechanism of protection for an adapting organism that has not yet developed a mature sensory and effector system. There is evidence present to suggest that a single painful experience can alter development and sensitisation of the infant to pain and stress later in life. In the following essay I am going to review the evidence supporting the long term effects of painful and stressful experiences suffered by fetuses and the newborn. I will also assess whether there is a period of increased sensitivity to injury and analyse studies focusing on the use of analgesia to avoid these long term implications. There is a large amount of evidence showing that stressful events both during and just after pregnancy can influence the developing fetus and bring about a series of long term adverse effects in the infant. Recent evidence however has been conflicting and inconsistent. Research and investigation in this field is difficult however for a number of reasons. One of these reasons is that pain is not objective, but subjective. It is difficult to assess and measure pain in adults who can communicate and express their feelings. In a fetus the absence of feedback is a...

Collective Nouns and Verb Agreement in Spanish

Collective Nouns and Verb Agreement in Spanish Collective nouns - singular nouns that refer to more than one being or thing - arent consistently treated as either singular or plural in Spanish. Grammar Rules for Using Collective Nouns There is one grammar rule, however, that is clear: When the collective noun  is followed immediately by a verb, the noun is treated as singular. La gente cree que las cosas estn mal. (People believe things are bad).La muchedumbre fue manipulada. (The crowd was manipulated.)Sobre el papel, el equipo era muy competitivo. (On paper, the team was very competitive.) However, when there are words that intervene - especially de followed by a plural noun - Spanish speakers are inconsistent in the verbs they use. Authorities also disagree on which choice of verb is proper. Note the following examples, all found  through a search of mainstream Spanish-language web pages: Somos un grupo de personas que conforma la lista de correo electrà ³nico. (We are a group of people who belong to an email list.)Somos un grupo de personas que deseamos compartir con ustedes. (We are a group of people who wish to share with you.)Un rebaà ±o de nubes negras pasea por el cielo. (A group of dark clouds marches across the sky.)El rebaà ±o de hembras deben integrarse en el de los machos. (The herd of females ought to blend with one of males.)Cerca de la mitad de las personas en edad de jubilacià ³n en el mundo no reciben ningà ºn tipo de pensià ³n. (About half of the worlds people of retirement age will not receive any kind of pension.)La mitad de las empresas espaà ±olas realizar on line el 20 por ciento de sus transacciones. (Half of Spanish businesses will carry out 20 percent of their transactions online.)Una docena de chicos se alimenta en el basural. (A dozen children are feeding themselves in the dump.)Una docena de entidades crean una plataforma para impuls ar el laicismo. (A dozen entities are creating a platform to promote expanded use of the laity.) There are some authorities who indicate that the choice of singular or plural verb depends on whether it refers more to the group or to the individual entities that make up the group. But as you can see from the examples above, in real speech no such distinction is made.

Preventing Nuclear Capacities in North Korean or Iran Essay

Preventing Nuclear Capacities in North Korean or Iran - Essay Example The United States can possibly employ the use of economic pressure to try and force North Korea to return t the six-party negotiations that also include South Korea, Russia, Japan and China. These talks were originally designed to try and help in the establishment of a peaceful resolution to security concerns that happen to result from the nuclear weapons program that had been conducted by North Korea. The United States can endeavor to utilize these talks to try and convince North Korea to abandon its nuclear weapons program (Cronin, 273).1 The presence of nuclear weapons in the hands of North Korea is of relatively great concern to the United States. If the Six-party negotiations continue to be ineffective, the United States will potentially find itself quite unable to effectively address the concerns posed by nuclear capabilities in North Korea unless it engages directly with the country. A possible concession that can be made is that the United States can pledge that it will not attack North Korea if it willingly shuts down its plutonium program. Other options can involve the withdrawal of American troops from the Korean Peninsula in return for North Korea ending its uranium enrichment program (Cronin, 273).2 If all options fail, and the security of the country remains in critical danger, I would order the complete elimination of the considerable nuclear threat currently being posed by North Korea. A surgical and very speedy attack on the various nuclear weapons development sites across North Korea will have the effect of completely destroying North Korea’s ability to make nuclear bomb. It might also have the effect of precipitating the downfall of the oppressive regime of Kim-Jong-II in addition to sending a an emphatic and clear message that the United States will in no way accept any nuclear proliferation that poses as a threat to it (Ochmanek and Schwartz,

Global Perspectives on Health Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Global Perspectives on Health - Essay Example While aspects such as GDP growth, Infant Mortality Rate and Adult Literacy Rate, Tanzania records a relatively higher statistic in comparison to the whole of the average in the African Region. Nevertheless, when we look at the statistics in a global perspective, it can be concluded that the numbers for Tanzania is staggering. Total Fertility Rate, Under 5 Mortality Rate and Life Expectancy at Birth are just some of the health indicators which show how the country is struggling in indispensable area of health care. The graphs show that there is little to no progression in terms of Life Expectancy at Birth, Infant Mortality Rate, Under 5 Mortality Rate and Total Fertility Rate of Tanzania. It can be observed that Infant and Under 5 Mortality Rates gradually decreased in more recent years. Life expectancy was also augmented while Fertility Rate remained more or less at the same level. This increase in statistics is a good signifier of a move in progress in terms of health. Based on the data shown, it can be perceived that Tanzania has a reasonably high population rate wherein the number of male population is almost similar with the number of female population. It also illustrates that majority of this population are aged 20 and below. This can be directly related to the mortality and life expectancy rate of the country. The World Health Organization attributes the low level of health in the United Republic of Tanzania primarily to poor nutrition, illiteracy and gender inequality. HIV remains to be the most prevalent problem in the country’s communicable DALY but some progress is being shown. From 9.9% as reported in 2000, HIV infection slowed down to 7% within the years 2003-2004 (World Health

The Atlantic Slave Trade Essay Example for Free

The Atlantic Slave Trade Essay The Atlantic Slave Trade had a both positive and negative impact on those involved in it to an extent. Britain’s economy benefited greatly from the slave trade as many industries flourished. This was an immense opportunity for those who were unemployed as it provided thousands of jobs. People were employed in industries like the building and repair of slave ships, selling the goods produced by slaves such as sugar and cotton, and banking. This resulted in the slave trade becoming the financial base of development of Britain. However, not everyone benefited from this trade as it had an enormous negative impact on Africa’s society and economy. The 37 years of slave capturing and exporting resulted in wars between tribes and drained Africa’s population of 12 million of its strongest youth. This resulted in Africa’s economic development in being hindered. For Africans the physical experience of slavery was painful, traumatic and long-lasting. Britain benefited from the slave trade in many ways including the economy, as slavery became part of the financial base of development in Britain. Many economic factors contributed to slavery including the demands of plantation farming, servant slaves and the growth of the slave trade as its own industry. Plantation farming emerged as a way to earn a profitable crop and dominated the southern colonies. In plantations African slaves worked in hundreds from dawn until dusk producing goods that supplied Britain. These goods consisted of sugar, cotton, tobacco and rum. All these crops were very labour intensive requiring hundreds of workers to preserve them. The British became the largest and most efficient carriers of slaves to the new world. Therefore huge profits were made by the labour of unpaid slaves. Liverpool and Bristol were the main trading ports in Britain, Liverpool alone made  £300,000 per year from the slave trade. Scotland was also heavily involved in the slave trade, Scots went out to colonies and generated great wealth for Scotland based on slave labour. Glasgow’s â€Å"Tobacco Lords† profited from the slave trade, as did the merchants of London, Liverpool and Bristol. The city of London catered the economic services that were necessary for the slave trade, this included insurance and loans for slave traders. F.G Kay wrote about the social changes that happened in Britain following the growth of the slave trade, in a book named â€Å"The Shameful Trade† published in 1967. He states â€Å"the slave trade created a new class of wealthy colonial  families†. Bristol merchants who were great dealers increased their trade with the islands of the Caribbean. They also became specialists in trading with West Africa and retailing captured slaves. The trade also created, sustained and relied on a large support of shipping services, ports and finance companies employing tho usands of ordinary people. Many slave ships were need and thousands of jobs were created through this. Jobs in making slave ships, repairing, financing and insuring all flourished. By 1780 Liverpool had become the largest slave-ship building site in Britain. This also provided thousands of sailors with work. . Insurance was one of the biggest industries during the slave trade, insurance and long term loans created new opportunities for making more money. Slave merchants and sugar plantation owners needed to borrow money to keep their businesses going. Merchants involved in the triangular trade found that insurance was vital because if their ship hit a storm during the voyage its cargo could be lost, and if that ship is not insured then they could lose everything. There were huge profits in selling the goods produced by slaves such as cotton, sugar and tobacco. Thousands of people were employed in factories to make exportable goods that were traded in for slaves in Africa these were guns, textiles and pottery. People were also employed in making brass and copper in Yorkshire, weavers in Birmingham, chain makers and sugar refiners in Greenock. The slave trade made Britain the world’s leading sea power and it helped finance the indus trial revolution. The British government made a fortune from the taxes related to the slave trade. Nonetheless not everyone profited from the slave trade, The Atlantic Slave Trade had enormous negative effects on the continent of Africa. Many parts of Africa suffered from an increase in violence, drain of people and an economy increasingly reliant on slavery. As a result of this Africa fell behind the rest of the world. Having fewer young healthy people to produce food would make famine more likely and the rates of death worse. Slavery led to the movement of thousands of people across Africa, allowing disease to spread between different parts of Africa. A lot of good land was left uncultivated and not looked after because there were not enough young people left to farm it. African slaves took with them their religion, traditions, cooking, clothes, music and dance. These had a negative impact on Americans  as it led to voodoo in the West Indies. The slave trade encouraged conflicts between African tribes, raids and kidnapping. The demand for more slaves led to increased hatred and violence between communities in Africa. There was also the spread of racist ideology to justify the enslavement of Africans. It is estimated that up to 12 million Africans were snatched from their homeland shipped to the Caribbean to work on plantations. Thousands of African villages were ruined as they were raided for slaves. The farming in Africa changed to grow crops which were brought to supply slave ships. African chiefs and kings stopped ruling by law as they became greedy cunning tradesmen. The 37 years of slave capturing and exporting drained Africa of millions of its strongest youth. As a result of this the population became unbalanced and the adult male population was reduced to 20%. Overall Africa was the only continent to be affected in this way, and because of the loss in population it became a major factor leading to its economic hardship. John Newton was a British slave trader in West Africa. In a small extract from his journal he comments on the immoral methods used between Africans and Europeans, he states â€Å"Europeans try to cheat Africans at every turn. Any article of trade that can be cheapened is so. Spirits are diluted with water, kegs of gunpowder have false bottoms and pieces are cut out of rolls of cloth†. In conclusion it is clear that Britain benefited from the Atlantic Slave Trade. We know this because of how it boosted the British economy as many industries grew, created thousands of jobs and supplied Britain with essential everyday life goods. We also know that colonies were established on the backs of hard-working African slaves. However not everyone benefited from the slave trade as it made Africa suffer greatly. Up to 12 million young strong Africans were forced out of their homelands and brought to the Caribbean to work without pay. Families separated and sold to go and work on plantations from dawn until dusk. Thousands of villages were wrecked because of the raiding for slaves. African leaders became dishonest, deceptive greedy tradesmen which resulted in Africa becoming corrupt.

Epidemiology and Treatment of Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy Essay

The Epidemiology and Treatment of Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE) Bovine Spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) is a serious disease found mainly in the U.K. that effects cows and humans alike. Humans can get the new variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease by eating beef contaminated with BSE. The exact cause of BSE has yet to be discovered, but there are many theories that suggest that the infectious agent of scrapie and mutated prions have something to do with it. Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy, more commonly known as Mad Cow Disease, is a Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathy (TSE). A TSE is a progressive disease believed to be caused by the folding (mutating) of prion proteins found in the brain and causing brain deterioration. Other forms of TSEs are scrapie, Kuru and Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. TSEs are contracted either sporadically or by inheritance. In order for an animal or human to contract a TSE sporadically, they must not have had the mutant prion protein allele in their body prior to an infection of the said protein. When the prion enters the body, it causes a chain re...

Japanese Culture and Politics Essay

The historical development of Shinto cannot be separated from the entire history of Japanese religion, culture and politics holding the Japanese mentality to the path of creative progress and versatility of self-development. From the fate of the Emperor’s courts in different eras, with the rise and fall of other religious orders such as the Buddhist groups and the overall destiny of the nation, the fate of Shinto is intertwined in every aspect. Shinto had already started to about 300 B. C. E. and was considered as the most significant religion in Japan. In reality, there is no specific dates nor enough data or hard evidence of Shinto’s origins, as such, it may trace back even before the 300 B. C. E. Just like Shinto’s origins, the origins of civilization on the Japanese islands remain cloudy. Various communities gathered together during the Stone Age. As early as the 300s and 200s B. C. E. , tightly knit societies were appearing, but the mountainous terrain of the home islands kept settlements relatively isolated. Although Shinto tradition traces the ancestry of the Japanese imperial family back to the 600s B. C. E., there is no evidence of an organized Japanese government before the 300s or 400s C. E. Body The history of Shinto is connected to the development of growth of states. The first imperial state was ruled by the Yamato family, starting in the 300s or 400s C. E. From the start, the Shinto religion- which remained important even after the arrival of new faiths like Buddhism- legitimated the emperors, declaring them descendants of the sun goddess. The Yamato initially ruled from Nara, which, until the late 700s, serves as Japan’s capital. During the Nara period (ca. 300-794 C. E. ), the foundations of the Japanese nation were laid. Japan also came into contact with Korea and China. The Chinese had a tremendous influence on the development of Japanese art, architecture, literature and religion. It was from China and through Korea that, in 522 Buddhism arrived in Japan (McCannon 2006). However, Shinto was already greatly present in early Japan, as such, they were able to develop their own state different from that of China Shinto has been considered to be the creative spirit, and on the contrary, as a firmly fixed source of nationalism in Japan. Although the roles need not be incompatible, the question draws attention to two faces of Shinto. There are folk origins as well as cults encouraged by governments, and these have not always coexisted harmoniously. During the development of State Shinto, the conflict and peace reaches its peak. The Meiji period government, in the interests of manipulating Shinto as a state ideology, was prepared to sacrifice the entire popular spirituality of Shinto to the extent of suppressing shrines and removing kami from communities. This underlines the dual origins of Shinto and the ways in which local and national interests have not always been harmonized. The august status of the Grand Shrines of Ise, the Amaterasu greatly shows how Shinto had affected the people’s respect towards the Imperial tradition (Picken, 1994). Shinto religion became the core of some social classes and basis for economy, traditions and customs. During the time when sengoku daimyo and the three great unifiers were struggling for political supremacy, they adopted and utilized various methods with varying degrees of success to overcome basic administrative difficulties. Sengoku daimyo and the national hegemons encountered difficulty in bringing the commercial segments of the society under their control. The existence of a growing national market in central Japan where most of the large scale transactions involving goods from the distant provinces were conducted in the sixteenth century and which remained relatively free of any political control during much of that century, did not permit the sengoku daimyo and the national hegemons to regulate the growing commercial activities to their advantages (Hall et. al. 1983). Through Shinto, the society was divided into classes, where many sengoku daimyo introduced the system of rule by law to strengthen their authority in their respective domains. Also, by focusing on Shinto religion, sengoku daimyo was able to have the absolute loyalty of its subordinates, discouraging localized or scattered loyalties. Moreover, early believers of Shinto greatly respected animals. They believed that these are God’s messengers and because of these, the early Japanese created statues such as â€Å"Koma-inu† on their temple grounds. Japanese culture also flourished with ceremonies correlated to the practice of Shinto and some of these include cleansing, prayers and dances greatly attributed to Kami. In addition to this, they also practiced Kagura, a dance perfected by its performers with an accompaniment of ancient musical instruments (Robinson 1995). Conclusion The historical development of Shinto cannot be separated from the entire history of Japanese religion, culture and politics holding the Japanese mentality to the path of creative progress and versatility of self-development. From the development or origins of Shinto, the states of early Japanese period came into realization. State Shinto is one of the great examples of the states created using Shinto as its foundation. Aside from its states, the rulers of state before the Tokugawa period were chosen with the blessings of the gods of Shinto. The divine providence given to these rulers strengthened their power over their subordinates. Just like the power of the sengoku daimyo during the Warring period. They were able to obtain absolute loyalty from their subordinates and the other classes. Shinto did not only create Japan’s early states and leaders, but also molded its culture, customs and traditions. Early beliefs on Shinto gave life to the Japanese society, illuminating it with dances and ceremonies. As a whole, early Japanese culture and politics developed its own identity becoming one of the countries with great sense of nationalism because of Shinto. Works Cited Hall, John Whitney, Nagahara Keiji, and Kozo Yamamura. â€Å"Japan before Tokugawa: Political Consolidation and Economic Growth, 1500 to 1650. † Public Affairs 53. 2 (Summer 1983): 332-34. McCannon, John. Barron’s How to Prepare for the Ap World History Advanced Placement. New York: Barron’s Educational Series, Inc. , 2006.

Eugenics: the Artificial Selection

S R August 26, 2008 Biology 340 Eugenics: The Artificial Selection In the 1800’s, well-known biologist, Charles Darwin enlightened us with his theory of evolution and natural selection. In short, natural selection states that random genetic changes transpire within an organism's genetic code, such changes are preserved because they are valuable for survival. Darwin’s ideas came from economics applied to biology. By the late 1800’s Francis Galton, Darwin’s cousin, had thoroughly studied his cousins findings and disclosed his beliefs in biology, which he related to human beings.His philosophy was known as Eugenics. Eugenics was an idea was based on ways to control reproduction so that human race can better succeed, in other words, a revised sequel of Darwin’s natural selection, artificial selection. Galton understood that good advancement of mankind was let down by generous outreach to the underprivileged when such hard work motivated people to have m ore children. Galton sought after expanding his eugenics idealism from science to a policy and religion. This science was a form of perfecting the human race through improved reproduction.That alone should have scared people, however, it began to evolve, as Galton desired. Eugenicist aspired the development of advantageous characteristics and abolition of the adverse ones. Eugenics was seen as a means to resolve the combined problems because it located the cause in the flawed germ cells within the embryo of individuals of certain ethnic groups instead of focusing on the structure of society. Eugenicist alleged that inherited disorders with basic modes of inheritance could be construed from derivations of inheritance contained by families, such as polydactyl.Psychiatric disorders, such as manic depression, were also considered when researching inherited disorders. Geneticist understood that behavioral personality had the utmost impact on society. They assumed that people inherited a trait that made them have an affinity to be poor. This was termed as shiftlessness. Other predispositions that were deemed inherited were alcoholism and sexual immorality, which was a notion to be part of the cause to criminal behavior.In the 1920’s restrictive immigration laws were passed because eugenicist believed that undesirable traits were linked to racial and ethnic groups, which was detrimental to society. Furthermore, eugenics was incorporate by Adolf Hitler’s attempt at a master race. His barbaric behavior and massacre of Jews made the initiative of developing a master race became exceedingly ostracized. However, eugenics should not be considered eradicated from society. Some believe that the advancement and encouragement of birth control is considered a major eugenic success.It was seen as a eugenic success because of a sudden increase in population and frenzy to control this. I understand that eugenics may be intended to promote reproduction among the genet ically advantaged. Therefore, in that sense I find it to be acceptable to some extent. The practices that follow this type of positive eugenics, nowadays, is slowly being accepted in society. Such as, in vitro fertilization, a couple may find this option as a gift in life. However, others may argue that adoption is always the best option when infertility is an issue.The fact that there are millions of children that do not have parents, would make me opt for child adoption. As previously mentioned, birth control is considered a eugenic success. In this area I would agree with that generalization. I find that women should take care of themselves form of eugenics that I consider eugenics negative when the attempt is to subordinate fertility amongst the genetically underprivileged. Such an example would be to have an abortion knowing that your child will have a disability.Overall, this subject matter is more complicated and thought provoking that it may seem when once introduced. Howeve r, the evolution of society has made modifications to the early eugenic standards.Work Cited EugenicsArchive. org Image Archive on the American Eugenics Movement http://www. eugenicsarchive. org/eugenics/list3. pl Adams, Mark, ed. The Wellborn Science: Eugenics in Germany, France, Brazil and Russia (New York, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1990 Neo Eugenics: http://neoeugenics. home. comcast. net/~neoeugenics/ Future Generations: http://www. eugenics. net/links/othrlink. html

The Case of the Elusive Car Salesman Essays - Sedans, Sports Sedans

The Case of the Elusive Car Salesman Essays - Sedans, Sports Sedans The Case of the Elusive Car Salesman Subject: English Short Story The Case of the Elusive Car Salesman I was pacing around Lexington, waiting for my local mechanic to finish the latest repairs on my 77 Chevy Impala. My name's Yesterday, Sam Yesterday. It was hot in Lexington, by that is not uncommon for mid-July. I'd had a good several months, and I was in good financial position for the first time since I bought that Impala back in 1977. That car had served me well, but lately it had been failing. Maybe it was time for a trade, I thought; so I walked over to the nearest friendly (sort of) car dealership. As soon as I set foot on the shiny showroom floor, it seized me. It was the most beautiful thing I had ever seen. A sparkling combination of steel, leather, electronics, and a very large engine. The muscle car had been revitalized in the form of a 1995 Chevy Impala SS. It was sleek, resembling the type of car Darth Vader would drive. I grabbed the nearest salesman, hopped into the body hugging leather bucket, fired up the 275 bhp. LT1 engine and took off. As the 6-speaker CD stereo belted out Aerosmith the poor salesman tried to sell me a car that had already sold itself. I had fallen in love, it was the only car that I had loved since that 77 Impala. It had an engine large enough to satisfy my primitive need for power, an image that screamed "Hey you with the radar gun! See if you can catch me!" Granted, it was heavy, it had watery boat-like handling, and drank gas like my Uncle Bubba drinks beer. Still, I loved it. It wasn't Japanese, German, Korean, or otherwise. It was a big hunk of purebred, American muscle car, dammit. I picked out a nice shiny new one, called the bank and drove home in my new wheels. I decided to spring for all the bells and whistles; leather, CD player, alarm system, keyless entry, etc. I figured that if this car was going to run as long as my last Impala it should be well-equipped. As I was admiring the view from my office in the Financial Center, the phone rang. I answered and was greeted by a rather hysterical woman named Diane who thought that she had been cheated by her car dealership. "That evil Car salesman has kidnaped my car!" she explained. I calmed her down and asked what happened. "Well, Larry, the salesman, picked up my Lexus for servicing, just as usual. Also as usual, he left a more expensive car as a loaner. Later in the day, I received a call saying that my car had been destroyed. Larry said that one of the technicians had accidentally cranked it right up into the ceiling while it was sitting on the lift. I found it hard to believe, but he promised me a new model if I would just come over and sign the papers. As soon as I arrived, Larry said that he would credit me the value of the car if I wanted to by a nicer mor expensive model. I agreed and ended up with a lovely new sports coupe." "Nice car," I remarked, realizing that the salesman was making a tidy profit on the transaction. "Yes, it is. But I still miss my Essie." "Essie?" I interrupted, quizzically. "Yes, Essie was the name of my old car, the ES300, I loved Essie, and the new car wasn't the same." "You had a brand new $55,000 Lexus, which you got for only $25,00 and you miss you older $35,000 Lexus?" I asked, beginning to wonder whether she was playing this game with a full deck. "Yes, I did. So, anyway, I read the article in the paper covering the incident, and was struck by something. The general manager said that he was baffled, because there are safety mechanisms on the lifts, preventing them from going that high. I also realized that Larry would be making his regular commission on a $55,000 Lexus, and not a $25,000 one, because the payment for the ES was made by the insurance company after the sale. So, not only had he made money on Essie, but on the new car as well." "Interesting. Is that all?" I asked. "Yes. If the accident wasn't really an accident, I want to know, and I want a lot more than a new sports coupe, that car meant a lot to me." She concluded,

The Boiling Point of Alcohol

The Boiling Point of Alcohol The boiling point of alcohol depends on which type of alcohol youre using, as well as the atmospheric pressure. The boiling point decreases as atmospheric pressure decreases, so it will be slightly lower unless you are at sea level. Here is a look at the boiling point of different types of alcohol. The boiling point of ethanol or grain alcohol (C2H5OH) at atmospheric pressure (14.7 psia, 1 bar absolute) is 173.1 F (78.37 C). Methanol (methyl alcohol, wood alcohol): 66 °C or 151 °FIsopropyl Alcohol (isopropanol): 80.3 °C or 177 °F Implications of Different Boiling Points One practical application of the different boiling points of alcohols and of alcohol with respect to water and other liquids is that it can be used to separate them using distillation. In the process of distillation, a liquid is carefully heated so more volatile compounds boil away. They may be collected, as a method of distilling alcohol, or the method may be used to purify the original liquid by removing compounds with a lower boiling point. Different types of alcohol have different boiling points, so this can be used to separate them from each other and from other organic compounds. Distillation may also be used to separate alcohol and water. The boiling point of water is 212 F or 100 C, which is higher than that of alcohol. However, distillation cant be used to fully separate the two chemicals. The Myth About Cooking Alcohol out of Food Many people believe alcohol added during the cooking process boils away, adding flavor without retaining alcohol. While it makes sense cooking food above 173 F or  78 C would drive off the alcohol and leave the water, scientists at the University of Idaho Department of Agriculture  have measured the amount of alcohol remaining in foods and found most cooking methods dont actually affect the alcohol content as much as you might think. The highest amount of alcohol remains when alcohol is added to boiling liquid and then removed from heat. About 85 percent of the alcohol remained.Flaming the liquid to burn off the alcohol still allowed for 75 percent retention.Storing food containing alcohol overnight with no heat applied resulted in 70 percent retention. Here, the loss of alcohol occurred because it has a higher vapor pressure than water, so some of it evaporated.Baking a recipe containing alcohol resulted in alcohol retention ranging from 25  percent (1 hour baking time) to 45 percent (25 minutes, no stirring). A recipe had to be baked 2 hours or longer to bring the alcohol content down to 10  percent or lower. Why cant you cook the  alcohol out of food? The reason is that alcohol and water bind to each other, forming an azeotrope. The components of the mixture cant be easily separated using heat. This is also why distillation isnt sufficient to get 100  percent or absolute alcohol. The only way to completely remove alcohol from a liquid is to boil it away completely or allow it to evaporate until its dry.

Quotes from Ludwig Wittgenstein (The book, Tractatus Essay

Quotes from Ludwig Wittgenstein (The book, Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus) - Essay Example in determining meaning arrives through the process of determination of whether an elementary proposition can be considered true or false depending on how it relates to the perceived reality of the world that is accepted as real by the multitudes. Language can therefore be said to consist entirely of propositions all of which can be analyzed for the purpose of breaking them down into elementary propositions. In turn, elementary propositions are actually simply name combinations used to refer to objects. On the metaphysical level, elementary propositions can also be termed logical representations of atomic facts. It is at the level of atomic facts that metaphysical language becomes particularly confusing because atomic facts are combination of complex facts that represent truth in the world (3.261) If language is a series of elemental propositions representing logical representations of atomic facts, then the obvious answer to the question of metaphysical meaning lies in the realization that any meaning of a particular word must be divorced from the thing it is intended to represent and instead pulled forth from this distortion of meaning so that it is applied instead to how the word is utilized. The meaning of language essentially becomes intertwined with context constructed from the elementary proposition. If elementary propositions are intended as a logical representation of an atomic fact then it becomes true that facts can change through context. As an example, consider the blue heron in scenario one. The blue heron can be broken down into several elementary propositions and the one the participant chooses to use in the scenario becomes a logical representation of the atomic fact that represents only the truth that some people do seen signs and make connection. Essentially this entire scenario can be read as a language game in which words like â€Å"sign† â€Å"soul† and â€Å"being† are all capable of being used with a broad amount of variability. Due the

Discussion 1 Week 4 Competitive Bidding and Long-Term Cost Savings Assignment

Discussion 1 Week 4 Competitive Bidding and Long-Term Cost Savings - Assignment Example CMS then enters into contracts with select DME suppliers to provide DME items at the prices determined by CBP†¦ CBP also provides an incentive for DME suppliers to accept lower Medicare payment amounts in exchange for the ability to serve beneficiaries and to potentially increase their Medicare market share† (U.S. Government Accountability Office, 2011, p. 2). As such, it is the best interests of Medicare patients that prices are set through CBP to ensure that they are provided with the least cost of DME. Competitive bidding was revealed to remain a crucial part of the health reform program, particularly Medicare reform (Feldman, Dowd, & Coulam, 2013). As emphasized, â€Å"competitive bidding will save a substantial amount of money, the exact amount depending on the bidding rules ultimately selected and any transition rules adopted to moderate the pace of change for beneficiaries† (Feldman, Dowd, & Coulam, 2013, p. 20). As such, due to the cost efficiency and potential savings to be generated from competitive bidding, it will remain a viable alternative when the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act is fully implemented in 2014. The defining factors regarding the competitive bidding process include the price, which is considered the primary factor (Universal Service Administrative Company, 2014); as well as reliability, technical support, bandwidth, and quality of transmission (Universal Service Administrative Company, 2014). Thus, the survival or failure of the bidding organization would depend on their ability to provide the needed goods, products, or services, in the most cost-effective and reliable manner within the stipulated time frame. Feldman, R., Dowd, B., & Coulam, R. (2013, April). A Competitive Bidding Approach to Medicare Reform. Retrieved from American Enterprise Institute:

Issues Surrounding Alternative Sources of Fuel Essay

Issues Surrounding Alternative Sources of Fuel - Essay Example These sources have ultimately been proven and needed to sustain life and uphold the objective of providing a cleaner and healthier environment as a legacy to the next generations to come. â€Å"Fueling the World: What Are the Alternatives for Energy?† In addition, from the perspective of the stakeholders, the essay would explore the benefits and challenges of switching to an alternative fuel source and determine ethical and environmental issues concerning alternative fuels. The author of â€Å"Fueling the World† emphasized the implications of continued over-reliance to traditional fuel sources. An introduction to the discourse was presented by utilizing the most innovative invention of all times, the car. With all its functionality and aesthetic value, the fact remains that vehicles consume a vast amount of fuel. Elliot (2004) averred that â€Å"about 70 percent of our oil consumption is used for transportation†. The United States is identified as the biggest consumer of oil from among all the countries in the world. With this issue at hand, the author stipulated the problematic state of conventional energy sources, to wit: coal, oil, natural gas and nuclear power. The source and potentials for coal remain vast but the risks to humans and to the environment are tremendous. Oil, on the other hand, is running out and the world is currently besieged by price increases due to its depleting reserves. Natural gas was found to be the most environmentally sound but is difficult to mine and to ship. Nuclear power had already achieved such notoriety despite its potentials. Having determined the state of traditional energy sources, alternative fuel sources were highlighted: hydropower, solar energy, fuel cells, and by simply engaging in energy conservation. Potentials for alternative energy sources abound.  One relevant solution to environmentally ethical dilemma such as addressing alternative sources of energy is to call the attention of government officials to reduce government subsidy that encourages growth in high-risk natural resources areas. There are numerous conservation, recreation, and civic organizations that call on local government officials to the unit with their efforts and be the representative to establish a unified and coordinated government leadership for natural resource.  Ã‚  

Briefly Examine The Seven I Am Statements Religion Essay

Briefly Examine The Seven I Am Statements Religion Essay Introduction The purpose of this paper is to briefly examine the seven I AM statements of Jesus and their significance to the salvation. John is the only gospel that uses the I AM statements of Jesus as a framework for representing the gospel. The gospel is an extraordinary unique account in the New Testament. When God spoke to Moses again and again throughout the wilderness I am YHWH; I am He (ni YHWH; ni hu) The Septuagint (lXX) translated these words in Greek as, ego eimi and the author of Johns gospel aimed at presenting Jesus identity as that YHWH who chose to reveal His self divine as God in a human form. The primary source for the I am statements in John is not found in pagan source or Hellenistic but in the speeches of YHWH in (Exodus 3:6; 3:14; 20:2; Isa. 41:4, 13) and in the self pronouncements of personified Wisdom, demonstrates especially in (Proverbs 8) and (Sirach 24).  [1]   Jesus speaks of Himself in figurative or metaphorical speech where I am appears up with a foretell nominative as follows: John 6:35, 51 I am the bread of Life (Living bread) John 8:12; 9:5 I am the light of the world John 10:7, 9 I am the gate (for the sheep) John 10:11, 14 I am the good shepherd John 11:25 I am the resurrection and the life John 14:6 I am the way, and the truth, and the life John 15:1, 5 I am the true vine. I am the bread of Life the Living bread (John 6:35, 51) When Jesus announces I am the bread of life (John 6:35) and compare the nourishment He gives with manna in the wilderness John states a number of related passages about God feeding the Israelites (Exodus 16:4, 15, Psalm 78:24, Prov. 9:1, 5) in wisdom tradition of Israel the manna was interpreted as word and instruction so Johns Jesus is the spiritual word of God and hence the real food moreover Jesus bread of life speech invents wisdoms claim that the one who eats of me will hunger still, the one who drinks of me will thirst for more (Sir. 24:20) when Jesus proclaims whoever comes to me will never hunger and whoever believes in me will never thirst (John 6:35; cf.4:14).  [2]   I am the light of the world (John 8:12; 9:5) When Jesus proclaims I am the light of the world,(John 8:12; 9:5) therefore he both reveals his true identity as Wisdom spiritual and invites all who search enlightenment to come to Him, the only true light. Jesus is the son of God and the world are the children of the devil Jesus invites them to come and see who He is therefore their lack of love for God and their ignorance of spiritual things because their sin blinds them from seeing who He really is the Light of the whole world and that the peoples eternal destiny depends on their reaction to Him. Jesus affirms to a Jewish crowd I am the light of the world. John informed us in the prologue (John 1:11) that the incarnate Word was the life and the life was the light of men. Jesus is the only light and that people must respond to the coming of the light by believing in Him apart from that they are lost eternally. The light shines in the darkness, but the darkness has not understood it. (John 1:4-5). The light metaphor elaborates what he had previously said. John states that Jesus made the claim about being the light of the world. And whosoever follows me will never walk in darkness but will have the light of life (John 8:12). In the subsequent interaction between Jesus and the crowd, the gospel of John makes it clear that part of the Jews, scribes and the Pharisees in particular who did not believe in Jesus were still walking in the darkness. John has Jesus saying to them, You are from you father the devil and you choose to do your fathers desires (John 8:44).  [3]   I am the gate for the sheep (John 10:7, 9) I AM the gate for the sheep (John 10:7). No one comes to the Father except through me. He confidently states that He is not one of many ways to God but the only way. He disintegrates to the lost sinner who is ignorant and spiritually dead, that in order to come to God the Father and asserts His uniqueness as Him being the only way, the truth and the life. Jesus responded that a life given in belief and faith in Him would pave the way to eternal fellowship with Him. As Jesus claim to be the way, the truth and life is of great importance that there are not many ways to God but the only way that Jesus embodies and proclaims the truth is a major theme throughout Johns Gospel. A gate like a door serves both to permit access and prevent access it literally marks a boundary either physical or figurative between inside and outside the gate. Jesus is the only entrance in the family of God He uses this parable to express His role as the door or the gate to the kingdom of God. Like shepherds regulate the coming and going of sheep between the sheep pen and the pastures. As the door, Jesus decides whoever enters the family of God. It is He who gives salvation, security and satisfaction to all who come into the family of God through Jesus. The parable about the contrast between a thief or a robber who does not use the door of the sheepfold and shepherd the doorkeeper and the sheep hear the voice of the shepherd and to him the doorkeeper opens; calling the sheep by name, the shepherd leads out them to pasture. Jesus seeking explains His message and enlarges its meaning now claims I am the door by which the sheep of the sheep pen enters. Jesus says the thief only com es to steal, kill and destroy I have come that they may have life and have it to the full. This is the security we have in Jesus alone as He said if anyone enters through me, he will be saved and have eternal life. I am the good shepherd (John 10:11, 14) Shepherd came to mean not only persons who herded sheep but also Kings (2 Sam. 5:2) and God Himself (Psa. 23; Isa. 40:11). Later prophets began to relate to Israels leaders as shepherds (Jer. 23; Ezek. 34) This parable of the shepherd with the help from ancient Eastern describes the daily normal procedure of the Oriental shepherd it is an enclosure that can only be entered through a door after the sheep have entered the pen or fold for the night a porter stays at the entrance to watch over them, in the morning the shepherd returns and the porter opens for him. The shepherd calls the sheep by their names and they recognize the shepherds voice, the sheep follow him. If a thief or a robber would have to climb over the fenced wall during the night should he try to enter the sheepfold and the sheep would be confused because of the strangers voice this imagery and the setting represent the truths of Jesus as the Shepherd. He speaks of the shepherd the one protects, leads, guides and nouris hes the sheep. And the sheep is totally dependant on the Shepherd as in (Psa. 23), Jesus spoke of Himself as the good shepherd referring to His mission He speaks of laying down His life for the sheep (John10:15, 17, 18).  [4]   I am the resurrection and the life (John11:25) Resurrection is distinguished in Johns gospel that depicts resurrection as a spiritual reality and a future eschatological event. The dead will be raised to eternal life Jesus raising of Lazarus from death to life which marked the beginning of His public ministry. The symbolic of the miracle made clear from the beginning the sickness would not end in death because Jesus will restore physical life His gift of eternal life to those who believe in Him, He will be glorified by this miracle though not so many people will admire it and praise Him but in the sense that it will lead to His death which is a point in His glorification.  [5]  John explains the significance in verses 51-52 He did not say this own his own but as high priest that year he prophesied that Jesus would die for the Jewish nation plus the scattered children of God and bring them together and unite them one. One must remember that no body was able to crucify Jesus against His will rather He gave up His life willingly so that we might have life. He also offers life itself, life through God the Father, The creator and giver of all life. Jesus states He is the life as the saying I AM the resurrection and the life. Again we observe Jesus associating very closely with life. It is He alone whose life is unique, self- existent like the life of the Father (5:16).  [6]   I am the way, and the truth, and the life (John 14:6) Jesus is the way the truth and the life (John 14:6) He is the true light (John 1:90) He is life and the source of life to others (John 3:16).who is at the same time the life of humanity (John 1:40) He gives knowledge of truth God (John 17:3) truth stands for the realm of pure and eternal reality this knowledge of the truth is a characteristic Greek conception and that is such knowledge that brings freedom which is also pleasant to Greek the thought. You will know the truth and the truth will set you free (John 8:32) in John there is a close link between life and truth. Jesus stresses in verse one and fifty one any one whoever has faith in me and trusts me will do even much greater works than these. I am the true vine (John15:1, 5) One of the most enduring metaphors of the Gospel of John is the allegory of I AM the vine, my Father is the gardener or vinedresser, we are the branches. Within the context of Jesus discourse, this metaphor illustrates the interconnectedness between the disciples and him. The vitality of the disciples lives directly depends upon him. In His elaboration of the metaphor, Jesus reveals its multi-faceted meanings. The dual images of vine and branches along with explicit references to fruit which emphasizes the growth, nourishment and fecundity apart from me you can do nothing. Along with the rest of the discourse of chapters 15-17, Jesus explication of the vine and branches strives to create a sense of unity and belonging among the disciples and to provide encouragement to the hearers of the Gospel. The metaphor concurrently brings death into view some branches inevitably wither away because they break from the vine; others are forcibly removed. The double aspects of growth and decay fit well with the dualistic tendencies of the Gospel. As anyone who has cultivated a vine knows such plants tend toward entanglement and wilderness. Vines grow haphazardly and without clear define patterns; to make them grow in a particular pattern or to confine them to a limited area it takes great care. Thus comes the necessity of the vine grower, a role that is played by God in (John15). Without such care the branches have little control over the direction of the tendrils of the plant that will grow. Furthermore when a vine has fully grown, the branches are often undistinguishable from the vine itself. The pruning of branches that do not bear fruit represents the cleansing of true believers, the ongoing cleansing after an initial cleansing at conversion, just as did Jesus washing of the disciples feet in relation to the disciples having been bathed already (Jesus 13:10).  [7]  Jesus identifies Himself as the true vine the imagery of the vine/vineyard found everywhere in the Pale stines climate was well suited for growing vineyards the grapevine is used throughout the Old Testament to symbolize the fertility of the land, (Deut. 6:11; Josh. 24:13; 1 Sam. 8:14; 2 Kings 5:26; Jer. 5:17; 40:10; Hos.2:12) which served as a ready image to speak of Israel as Gods vineyard (Isa. 1:8; 3:14; 5:1, 3-5, 7, 10; 27:2; Jer. 12:10). Wisdom too declares her identity as one who has taken root among Gods people. I am like a vine putting out fruitful shoots come to me you who hunger me and get filled of my fruits Jesus calls again the voice of wisdom when he says, I am the vine you are the branches. If a man remains in me and I in him, he will bear much fruit (John 15:5 NIV). John sees Jesus and the Father both at work together when Jesus spoke of Himself as the true vine and the Father as the cultivator where vine is Israel. In a vineyard fruitfulness is not desired, pruning is replaced to encourage productive growth this is a suggestive example of Christian life the fruit of a Christian life is never to live by the flesh or immoral life. The Father is decisive watching over the vine and takes away that is not fruitful like the vinedresser takes control of the vineyard to secure fruitfulness.  [8]   Conclusion Johns Gospel does not speak its contention, but brings the picture of God as He has all power, all wisdom and the life through His beloved son Jesus Christ as the way, the truth and to enhance life. The story begins as Jesus was prior Abraham. He is described as the good shepherd and His followers are the sheep. He is the gate of the sheep only through Him we can enter the kingdom of heaven. John makes clear the people who do not believe walk in darkness for Jesus is the light and His followers walk in the light. Jesus as the miracle worker, John drew on the signs source to construct the major part of his portrayal of Jesus public ministry then later he blended in with the narratives of Jesus life, death and resurrection. John submerged the entire narrative with his exalted Christology thus eventually giving the gospel its present basic shape and character, thus bringing Christ to the level of human understanding with the help of the Holy Spirit. Gods word suggests He can reveal Hims elf in numerous ways, but His ultimate revelation to man was through His very own Son, Jesus Christ. Gods salvation to the ends of the earth and the transformation of the believers is only available by the work of Holy Spirit and ones important contact with Him therefore we can see that the I AM sayings indicates His deity. In both Jesus is saying that it is important that those addressed come to trust Him as the I AM which looks very much like a claim to sharing the nature of deity. In conclusion the I AM sayings prove the deity of Jesus the Christ. And that when Jesus expresses these words, He requires presenting the astounding of His divine nature.

Labor Movements in Italy, Greece, and Turkey Essay examples -- Trade E

Labor Movements in Italy, Greece, and Turkey As a general rule of thumb, European trade movements have been stronger and more effective than those in the United States. Thus the major economic recession in the early 1980s, though experienced worldwide, hit especially hard in Europe, causing unprecedented damage to individual trade unions and labor movements in the postwar era. Governments felt the strain and responded by clamping down on efforts to increase wages and benefits. The European governments became obstinately rigid when approached by labor leaders, refusing to budge, determined that their deflationary policies would bring the countries out of the economic abyss. Starting n the 1980s, labor movements lost their vigor as they witnessed a sharp decline in their influence on governmental policy as the economic situation worsened. Unemployment increased and, with a declining ability to provide job security, membership in trade unions dropped. Over 4.5 million blue-collar jobs have permanently disappeared since1979 (Melcher 80) and unemployed trade union members rarely stay active.? Feeling the daunting shadow of unemployment and fearful of losing their own jobs, union members became more reluctant to strike, therefore lowering their prestige by giving the impression that they are unable to have any influence on the course of events.? One member pointed out why:? ?when times are worst, when the worker most needs the protection of his union, that is when he?s most anxious about his job, and therefore there is a danger of solidarity breaking down? (Apple 10).? This is exactly what has happened. As expected, the recovery from the recession has been painfully slow.? The push for the fusion of the continent... ... 2003.? . Singer, Daniel.? ?Euroland vs. Dollarland?. The Nation.? 25 May 1998:? 2-6.? Suro, Roberto.? ?Unions Strike to Protest Italy?s Deficit-Cutting Plan. New York Times 26 Nov. 1987:? 6.? Tanner, Henry.? ?Italian Communists Never Have a Nice Day. New York Times 8 Mar. 1981:? E3.? ?Turkey Decrees Laws Curbing Role of Unions. New York Times 7 May 1983:? 5.? ?10 Union Activists are Freed in Turkey. New York Times.? 21 July 1982:? 7.? Valenzuela, J. Samuel.? Labor Movements in Transitions to Democracy.? South Bend: Kellogg Institute:? 1989.? Venditto, Gus.? ?Trade Unionism Still Under Attack by Ankara. Editorial.? New York Times 24 Dec. 1982:? 24.? Werres, Thomas.? ?Workers of the EC Unite. World Press Review.? May 1993:? 40-41.? Labor Movements in Italy, Greece, and Turkey Essay examples -- Trade E Labor Movements in Italy, Greece, and Turkey As a general rule of thumb, European trade movements have been stronger and more effective than those in the United States. Thus the major economic recession in the early 1980s, though experienced worldwide, hit especially hard in Europe, causing unprecedented damage to individual trade unions and labor movements in the postwar era. Governments felt the strain and responded by clamping down on efforts to increase wages and benefits. The European governments became obstinately rigid when approached by labor leaders, refusing to budge, determined that their deflationary policies would bring the countries out of the economic abyss. Starting n the 1980s, labor movements lost their vigor as they witnessed a sharp decline in their influence on governmental policy as the economic situation worsened. Unemployment increased and, with a declining ability to provide job security, membership in trade unions dropped. Over 4.5 million blue-collar jobs have permanently disappeared since1979 (Melcher 80) and unemployed trade union members rarely stay active.? Feeling the daunting shadow of unemployment and fearful of losing their own jobs, union members became more reluctant to strike, therefore lowering their prestige by giving the impression that they are unable to have any influence on the course of events.? One member pointed out why:? ?when times are worst, when the worker most needs the protection of his union, that is when he?s most anxious about his job, and therefore there is a danger of solidarity breaking down? (Apple 10).? This is exactly what has happened. As expected, the recovery from the recession has been painfully slow.? The push for the fusion of the continent... ... 2003.? . Singer, Daniel.? ?Euroland vs. Dollarland?. The Nation.? 25 May 1998:? 2-6.? Suro, Roberto.? ?Unions Strike to Protest Italy?s Deficit-Cutting Plan. New York Times 26 Nov. 1987:? 6.? Tanner, Henry.? ?Italian Communists Never Have a Nice Day. New York Times 8 Mar. 1981:? E3.? ?Turkey Decrees Laws Curbing Role of Unions. New York Times 7 May 1983:? 5.? ?10 Union Activists are Freed in Turkey. New York Times.? 21 July 1982:? 7.? Valenzuela, J. Samuel.? Labor Movements in Transitions to Democracy.? South Bend: Kellogg Institute:? 1989.? Venditto, Gus.? ?Trade Unionism Still Under Attack by Ankara. Editorial.? New York Times 24 Dec. 1982:? 24.? Werres, Thomas.? ?Workers of the EC Unite. World Press Review.? May 1993:? 40-41.? Labor Movements in Italy, Greece, and Turkey Essay examples -- Trade E Labor Movements in Italy, Greece, and Turkey As a general rule of thumb, European trade movements have been stronger and more effective than those in the United States. Thus the major economic recession in the early 1980s, though experienced worldwide, hit especially hard in Europe, causing unprecedented damage to individual trade unions and labor movements in the postwar era. Governments felt the strain and responded by clamping down on efforts to increase wages and benefits. The European governments became obstinately rigid when approached by labor leaders, refusing to budge, determined that their deflationary policies would bring the countries out of the economic abyss. Starting n the 1980s, labor movements lost their vigor as they witnessed a sharp decline in their influence on governmental policy as the economic situation worsened. Unemployment increased and, with a declining ability to provide job security, membership in trade unions dropped. Over 4.5 million blue-collar jobs have permanently disappeared since1979 (Melcher 80) and unemployed trade union members rarely stay active.? Feeling the daunting shadow of unemployment and fearful of losing their own jobs, union members became more reluctant to strike, therefore lowering their prestige by giving the impression that they are unable to have any influence on the course of events.? One member pointed out why:? ?when times are worst, when the worker most needs the protection of his union, that is when he?s most anxious about his job, and therefore there is a danger of solidarity breaking down? (Apple 10).? This is exactly what has happened. As expected, the recovery from the recession has been painfully slow.? The push for the fusion of the continent... ... 2003.? . Singer, Daniel.? ?Euroland vs. Dollarland?. The Nation.? 25 May 1998:? 2-6.? Suro, Roberto.? ?Unions Strike to Protest Italy?s Deficit-Cutting Plan. New York Times 26 Nov. 1987:? 6.? Tanner, Henry.? ?Italian Communists Never Have a Nice Day. New York Times 8 Mar. 1981:? E3.? ?Turkey Decrees Laws Curbing Role of Unions. New York Times 7 May 1983:? 5.? ?10 Union Activists are Freed in Turkey. New York Times.? 21 July 1982:? 7.? Valenzuela, J. Samuel.? Labor Movements in Transitions to Democracy.? South Bend: Kellogg Institute:? 1989.? Venditto, Gus.? ?Trade Unionism Still Under Attack by Ankara. Editorial.? New York Times 24 Dec. 1982:? 24.? Werres, Thomas.? ?Workers of the EC Unite. World Press Review.? May 1993:? 40-41.?

Freudian Allegory Lord of the Flies Essay

The way a person behaves can be analyzed by psychoanalysis showing that there is a structural model of personality; this model was created by Freud. There are three parts of personality: Id which contains primitive instincts, Superego which contains the conscience and Ego which maintains a balance. The Id is based on the principle of self pleasure and has no regard for the consequence their actions may have on others. The Superego is very moral and in control of what is right and what is wrong. The Ego is based on the principle of reality and is able to have needs and desires but also considers others in their decisions. In the novel, The Lord of the Flies by William Golding, these parts of the personality are represented by the three main characters and it shows that the contrast in their personalities and the lack of an authoritative ego leads to the breakdown of civilization. Jack, Ralph, and Piggy all represent this Freudian model and it is the conflict between these behaviors that causes the breakdown. The part of the personality known as the Id is represented primarily by Jack. This part of the personality allows for the basic needs of a person to be met but all actions are very primitive and are not morally correct. Jack is focused on instant gratification and does not seem to be very concerned about long term survival or being rescued. Superego, another part of the personality, is represented by Piggy. This part represents the conscience and the moral part of all human beings. Piggy is usually able to remind some of the boys what is right and what is wrong. The final part of the personality is known as the Ego and is considered to be the balance between the other two boys. Ralph is the representation of the Ego in this novel. This part of the personality understands that being impulsive can inevitably be harmful. Ralph sees the reality of the situation that they are in but is also able to think on a realistic level to try and meet the needs of the boys. Since he is the Ego, he is able to gain control over the boys and he makes his stance known when he says â€Å"We’ve got to have rules and obey them. After all, we’re not savages† (Golding 46). Like the Ego, Ralph thinks realistically and wants everyone to think before they act so no rash actions occur and their chance of surviving and being rescued is higher. Ralph gains control of the boys on the island in the beginning of the novel, because of this he is made responsible for dealing with their survival and well being. One of the main things that he cares about for their survival is the building of shelters and he makes this clear when he says â€Å"If it rains like when we dropped in we’ll need shelters all right† (52). Ralph would like to swim and hunt but he knows that building a shelter would be more beneficial to their survival. He also says that the fire is the most important thing on the island (80) and doesn’t believe that they can be rescued by luck if they do not keep the fire going . The fire is also a symbol of how the boys were still civilized. As the fire starts to go out, the boys become less civilized and start to become more primitive, like the Id personality type. Ralph begins to lose his power as he and all the other boys start to become more irrational. Even though Ralph is the representation of t he Ego, he allowed the Id personality to take over him, â€Å"The desire to squeeze and hurt was over-mastering† (116), when he attacked Simon. When Ralph begins to lose his control, Jack becomes the leader of they boys. With the Id being in control, there is no authoritative ego and the civilization on the island begins to break down. Jack is only concerned about power and instant gratification; he doesn’t feel anything for other people and feels only a need to hunt and nothing else. He causes constant disorder on the island by tempting the rest of the boys with the lure of meat and hunting while throwing survival and the chance of being rescued aside. His desire for power is overwhelming and he has no accord for Ralph’s authority. When Piggy is killed, Jack says to Ralph â€Å"That’s what you’ll get! I meant that! There isn’t a tribe for you anymore! The conch is gone-† (181). He feels nothing when Piggy is he killed and would do anything for the power he obtains. Once the conch is destroyed and the boys begin to become uncivilized, the Id becomes the prominent personality type. Piggy tries to stand up for the rules that he was taught to believe in and to the Id as the Superego. Piggy sees the conch as order on the island and believes it should be respected, he shows this when he says â€Å"I got the conch†¦You let me speak† (42). When the boys let the fire go out of control, he makes an effort to tell everyone that they were wrong for letting that happen and that they also let one of the little’ uns get away. He constantly challenges the Id and tries to stand up for what he believes to be right. The balance between his ideas and Jack’s also helped to keep the island stable but when Piggy was killed, the Id becomes dominant and the boys begin to lose control. With Ralph being the balance between Jack and Piggy, he is identified as the leader when the boys first arrive on the island but as time passes the boys begin to become more uncivilized. The lack of a real authoritative figure or an adult figure causes the boys to lean more towards the Id. When this happens, the boys begin to follow Jack because he offers instant gratification in the form of hunting and meat. Jack seems to be able to do anything for his power. Jack’s resistance to morals and control lead to Piggy’s death and the destruction of the conch. When Piggy dies, there no longer is a Superego on the island and the balance between them is broken. Ralph is not dominant enough as an Ego to keep the island civilized. This allows Jack and the Id to take control of the boys and the island, and this causes the breakdown of civilization.

The Effect of Light and Color on Human Physiology in Workplace

Essay The Effect of Light and Color on Human Physiology in workplace Safety working environment requires not only workplace with sufficient light, and also rational direction of the light, the lack of harsh shadows, causing glare. Proper lighting and painting equipment and hazards allows to watch them more closely (device painted in solid color), and the warning coloring hazards will reduce injuries.Besides selecting the right combination of colors and their intensity will minimize the time to adapt the eye when looking to the details on the work surface. Choosing the right color can affect the mood of the workers, and, therefore, the productivity of labor. Thus, the underestimation of the influence of light, the choice of color and light lead to premature fatigue of the body, the accumulation of errors, lower productivity, increased marriage and, as a consequence, to injuries.A disregard for the coverage due to the fact that the human eye has a very wide range of accessories: from 2 0 lux (full moon) to 100,000 lux. Color and light are interrelated. Coloring of equipment, materials and other to black oppresses workers. When carrying the standard boxes of black and white colors all workers declared that the black boxes heavier. Black thread on a white background can be seen at 2100 times better than white on black, there is a sharp contrast (brightness ratio).With the increase in brightness and lighting up to certain limits visual acuity and brightness increases, and eye can separate items, i. e. speed discrimination. Too bright light adversely affects the eyes, causing blindness and pain in the eyes. Incorrect choice of lighting affects not only the loss of working hours and fatigue of workers, but also increases the injury during the adaptation period when the worker does not see or difficulty seeing detail and performs work operations automatically.Similar conditions have been observed in assembly work in the evening under floodlights. Therefore the ratio of brightness (contrast substance) should not be large. Nowadays known that the red color stimulates, but quickly tires worker, green is useful to man. Natural light is the best for human health. Sunlight has a biological effect on the body, so natural light is hygienic. Replacement of artificial daylight is allowed only for some reason if you cannot use (or not use) natural light in jobs.